r"""Simple XML-RPC Server.
This module can be used to create simple XML-RPC servers
by creating a server and either installing functions, a
class instance, or by extending the SimpleXMLRPCServer
class.
It can also be used to handle XML-RPC requests in a CGI
environment using CGIXMLRPCRequestHandler.
A list of possible usage patterns follows:
1. Install functions:
server = SimpleXMLRPCServer(("localhost", 8000))
server.register_function(pow)
server.register_function(lambda x,y: x+y, 'add')
server.serve_forever()
2. Install an instance:
class MyFuncs:
def __init__(self):
# make all of the string functions available through
# string.func_name
import string
self.string = string
def _listMethods(self):
# implement this method so that system.listMethods
# knows to advertise the strings methods
return list_public_methods(self) + \
['string.' + method for method in list_public_methods(self.string)]
def pow(self, x, y): return pow(x, y)
def add(self, x, y) : return x + y
server = SimpleXMLRPCServer(("localhost", 8000))
server.register_introspection_functions()
server.register_instance(MyFuncs())
server.serve_forever()
3. Install an instance with custom dispatch method:
class Math:
def _listMethods(self):
# this method must be present for system.listMethods
# to work
return ['add', 'pow']
def _methodHelp(self, method):
# this method must be present for system.methodHelp
# to work
if method == 'add':
return "add(2,3) => 5"
elif method == 'pow':
return "pow(x, y[, z]) => number"
else:
# By convention, return empty
# string if no help is available
return ""
def _dispatch(self, method, params):
if method == 'pow':
return pow(*params)
elif method == 'add':
return params[0] + params[1]
else:
raise 'bad method'
server = SimpleXMLRPCServer(("localhost", 8000))
server.register_introspection_functions()
server.register_instance(Math())
server.serve_forever()
4. Subclass SimpleXMLRPCServer:
class MathServer(SimpleXMLRPCServer):
def _dispatch(self, method, params):
try:
# We are forcing the 'export_' prefix on methods that are
# callable through XML-RPC to prevent potential security
# problems
func = getattr(self, 'export_' + method)
except AttributeError:
raise Exception('method "%s" is not supported' % method)
else:
return func(*params)
def export_add(self, x, y):
return x + y
server = MathServer(("localhost", 8000))
server.serve_forever()
5. CGI script:
server = CGIXMLRPCRequestHandler()
server.register_function(pow)
server.handle_request()
"""
# Written by Brian Quinlan (brian@sweetapp.com).
# Based on code written by Fredrik Lundh.
import xmlrpclib
from xmlrpclib import Fault
import SocketServer
import BaseHTTPServer
import sys
import os
import traceback
import re
try:
import fcntl
except ImportError:
fcntl = None
def resolve_dotted_attribute(obj, attr, allow_dotted_names=True):
"""resolve_dotted_attribute(a, 'b.c.d') => a.b.c.d
Resolves a dotted attribute name to an object. Raises
an AttributeError if any attribute in the chain starts with a '_'.
If the optional allow_dotted_names argument is false, dots are not
supported and this function operates similar to getattr(obj, attr).
"""
if allow_dotted_names:
attrs = attr.split('.')
else:
attrs = [attr]
for i in attrs:
if i.startswith('_'):
raise AttributeError(
'attempt to access private attribute "%s"' % i
)
else:
obj = getattr(obj,i)
return obj
def list_public_methods(obj):
"""Returns a list of attribute strings, found in the specified
object, which represent callable attributes"""
return [member for member in dir(obj)
if not member.startswith('_') and
hasattr(getattr(obj, member), '__call__')]
def remove_duplicates(lst):
"""remove_duplicates([2,2,2,1,3,3]) => [3,1,2]
Returns a copy of a list without duplicates. Every list
item must be hashable and the order of the items in the
resulting list is not defined.
"""
u = {}
for x in lst:
u[x] = 1
return u.keys()
class SimpleXMLRPCDispatcher:
"""Mix-in class that dispatches XML-RPC requests.
This class is used to register XML-RPC method handlers
and then to dispatch them. This class doesn't need to be
instanced directly when used by SimpleXMLRPCServer but it
can be instanced when used by the MultiPathXMLRPCServer.
"""
def __init__(self, allow_none=False, encoding=None):
self.funcs = {}
self.instance = None
self.allow_none = allow_none
self.encoding = encoding
def register_instance(self, instance, allow_dotted_names=False):
"""Registers an instance to respond to XML-RPC requests.
Only one instance can be installed at a time.
If the registered instance has a _dispatch method then that
method will be called with the name of the XML-RPC method and
its parameters as a tuple
e.g. instance._dispatch('add',(2,3))
If the registered instance does not have a _dispatch method
then the instance will be searched to find a matching method
and, if found, will be called. Methods beginning with an '_'
are considered private and will not be called by
SimpleXMLRPCServer.
If a registered function matches a XML-RPC request, then it
will be called instead of the registered instance.
If the optional allow_dotted_names argument is true and the
instance does not have a _dispatch method, method names
containing dots are supported and resolved, as long as none of
the name segments start with an '_'.
*** SECURITY WARNING: ***
Enabling the allow_dotted_names options allows intruders
to access your module's global variables and may allow
intruders to execute arbitrary code on your machine. Only
use this option on a secure, closed network.
"""
self.instance = instance
self.allow_dotted_names = allow_dotted_names
def register_function(self, function, name = None):
"""Registers a function to respond to XML-RPC requests.
The optional name argument can be used to set a Unicode name
for the function.
"""
if name is None:
name = function.__name__
self.funcs[name] = function
def register_introspection_functions(self):
"""Registers the XML-RPC introspection methods in the system
namespace.
see http://xmlrpc.usefulinc.com/doc/reserved.html
"""
self.funcs.update({'system.listMethods' : self.system_listMethods,
'system.methodSignature' : self.system_methodSignature,
'system.methodHelp' : self.system_methodHelp})
def register_multicall_functions(self):
"""Registers the XML-RPC multicall method in the system
namespace.
see http://www.xmlrpc.com/discuss/msgReader$1208"""
self.funcs.update({'system.multicall' : self.system_multicall})
def _marshaled_dispatch(self, data, dispatch_method = None, path = None):
"""Dispatches an XML-RPC method from marshalled (XML) data.
XML-RPC methods are dispatched from the marshalled (XML) data
using the _dispatch method and the result is returned as
marshalled data. For backwards compatibility, a dispatch
function can be provided as an argument (see comment in
SimpleXMLRPCRequestHandler.do_POST) but overriding the
existing method through subclassing is the preferred means
of changing method dispatch behavior.
"""
try:
params, method = xmlrpclib.loads(data)
# generate response
if dispatch_method is not None:
response = dispatch_method(method, params)
else:
response = self._dispatch(method, params)
# wrap response in a singleton tuple
response = (response,)
response = xmlrpclib.dumps(response, methodresponse=1,
allow_none=self.allow_none, encoding=self.encoding)
except Fault, fault:
response = xmlrpclib.dumps(fault, allow_none=self.allow_none,
encoding=self.encoding)
except:
# report exception back to server
exc_type, exc_value, exc_tb = sys.exc_info()
response = xmlrpclib.dumps(
xmlrpclib.Fault(1, "%s:%s" % (exc_type, exc_value)),
encoding=self.encoding, allow_none=self.allow_none,
)
return response
def system_listMethods(self):
"""system.listMethods() => ['add', 'subtract', 'multiple']
Returns a list of the methods supported by the server."""
methods = self.funcs.keys()
if self.instance is not None:
# Instance can implement _listMethod to return a list of
# methods
if hasattr(self.instance, '_listMethods'):
methods = remove_duplicates(
methods + self.instance._listMethods()
)
# if the instance has a _dispatch method then we
# don't have enough information to provide a list
# of methods
elif not hasattr(self.instance, '_dispatch'):
methods = remove_duplicates(
methods + list_public_methods(self.instance)
)
methods.sort()
return methods
def system_methodSignature(self, method_name):
"""system.methodSignature('add') => [double, int, int]
Returns a list describing the signature of the method. In the
above example, the add method takes two integers as arguments
and returns a double result.
This server does NOT support system.methodSignature."""
# See http://xmlrpc.usefulinc.com/doc/sysmethodsig.html
return 'signatures not supported'
def system_methodHelp(self, method_name):
"""system.methodHelp('add') => "Adds two integers together"
Returns a string containing documentation for the specified method."""
method = None
if method_name in self.funcs:
method = self.funcs[method_name]
elif self.instance is not None:
# Instance can implement _methodHelp to return help for a method
if hasattr(self.instance, '_methodHelp'):
return self.instance._methodHelp(method_name)
# if the instance has a _dispatch method then we
# don't have enough information to provide help
elif not hasattr(self.instance, '_dispatch'):
try:
method = resolve_dotted_attribute(
self.instance,
method_name,
self.allow_dotted_names
)
except AttributeError:
pass
# Note that we aren't checking that the method actually
# be a callable object of some kind
if method is None:
return ""
else:
import pydoc
return pydoc.getdoc(method)
def system_multicall(self, call_list):
"""system.multicall([{'methodName': 'add', 'params': [2, 2]}, ...]) => \
[[4], ...]
Allows the caller to package multiple XML-RPC calls into a single
request.
See http://www.xmlrpc.com/discuss/msgReader$1208
"""
results = []
for call in call_list:
method_name = call['methodName']
params = call['params']
try:
# XXX A marshalling error in any response will fail the entire
# multicall. If someone cares they should fix this.
results.append([self._dispatch(method_name, params)])
except Fault, fault:
results.append(
{'faultCode' : fault.faultCode,
'faultString' : fault.faultString}
)
except:
exc_type, exc_value, exc_tb = sys.exc_info()
results.append(
{'faultCode' : 1,
'faultString' : "%s:%s" % (exc_type, exc_value)}
)
return results
def _dispatch(self, method, params):
"""Dispatches the XML-RPC method.
XML-RPC calls are forwarded to a registered function that
matches the called XML-RPC method name. If no such function
exists then the call is forwarded to the registered instance,
if available.
If the registered instance has a _dispatch method then that
method will be called with the name of the XML-RPC method and
its parameters as a tuple
e.g. instance._dispatch('add',(2,3))
If the registered instance does not have a _dispatch method
then the instance will be searched to find a matching method
and, if found, will be called.
Methods beginning with an '_' are considered private and will
not be called.
"""
func = None
try:
# check to see if a matching function has been registered
func = self.funcs[method]
except KeyError:
if self.instance is not None:
# check for a _dispatch method
if hasattr(self.instance, '_dispatch'):
return self.instance._dispatch(method, params)
else:
# call instance method directly
try:
func = resolve_dotted_attribute(
self.instance,
method,
self.allow_dotted_names
)
except AttributeError:
pass
if func is not None:
return func(*params)
else:
raise Exception('method "%s" is not supported' % method)
[docs]class SimpleXMLRPCRequestHandler(BaseHTTPServer.BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
"""Simple XML-RPC request handler class.
Handles all HTTP POST requests and attempts to decode them as
XML-RPC requests.
"""
# Class attribute listing the accessible path components;
# paths not on this list will result in a 404 error.
rpc_paths = ('/', '/RPC2')
#if not None, encode responses larger than this, if possible
encode_threshold = 1400 #a common MTU
#Override form StreamRequestHandler: full buffering of output
#and no Nagle.
wbufsize = -1
disable_nagle_algorithm = True
# a re to match a gzip Accept-Encoding
aepattern = re.compile(r"""
\s* ([^\s;]+) \s* #content-coding
(;\s* q \s*=\s* ([0-9\.]+))? #q
""", re.VERBOSE | re.IGNORECASE)
def accept_encodings(self):
r = {}
ae = self.headers.get("Accept-Encoding", "")
for e in ae.split(","):
match = self.aepattern.match(e)
if match:
v = match.group(3)
v = float(v) if v else 1.0
r[match.group(1)] = v
return r
def is_rpc_path_valid(self):
if self.rpc_paths:
return self.path in self.rpc_paths
else:
# If .rpc_paths is empty, just assume all paths are legal
return True
def do_POST(self):
"""Handles the HTTP POST request.
Attempts to interpret all HTTP POST requests as XML-RPC calls,
which are forwarded to the server's _dispatch method for handling.
"""
# Check that the path is legal
if not self.is_rpc_path_valid():
self.report_404()
return
try:
# Get arguments by reading body of request.
# We read this in chunks to avoid straining
# socket.read(); around the 10 or 15Mb mark, some platforms
# begin to have problems (bug #792570).
max_chunk_size = 10*1024*1024
size_remaining = int(self.headers["content-length"])
L = []
while size_remaining:
chunk_size = min(size_remaining, max_chunk_size)
chunk = self.rfile.read(chunk_size)
if not chunk:
break
L.append(chunk)
size_remaining -= len(L[-1])
data = ''.join(L)
data = self.decode_request_content(data)
if data is None:
return #response has been sent
# In previous versions of SimpleXMLRPCServer, _dispatch
# could be overridden in this class, instead of in
# SimpleXMLRPCDispatcher. To maintain backwards compatibility,
# check to see if a subclass implements _dispatch and dispatch
# using that method if present.
response = self.server._marshaled_dispatch(
data, getattr(self, '_dispatch', None), self.path
)
except Exception, e: # This should only happen if the module is buggy
# internal error, report as HTTP server error
self.send_response(500)
# Send information about the exception if requested
if hasattr(self.server, '_send_traceback_header') and \
self.server._send_traceback_header:
self.send_header("X-exception", str(e))
self.send_header("X-traceback", traceback.format_exc())
self.send_header("Content-length", "0")
self.end_headers()
else:
# got a valid XML RPC response
self.send_response(200)
self.send_header("Content-type", "text/xml")
if self.encode_threshold is not None:
if len(response) > self.encode_threshold:
q = self.accept_encodings().get("gzip", 0)
if q:
try:
response = xmlrpclib.gzip_encode(response)
self.send_header("Content-Encoding", "gzip")
except NotImplementedError:
pass
self.send_header("Content-length", str(len(response)))
self.end_headers()
self.wfile.write(response)
def decode_request_content(self, data):
#support gzip encoding of request
encoding = self.headers.get("content-encoding", "identity").lower()
if encoding == "identity":
return data
if encoding == "gzip":
try:
return xmlrpclib.gzip_decode(data)
except NotImplementedError:
self.send_response(501, "encoding %r not supported" % encoding)
except ValueError:
self.send_response(400, "error decoding gzip content")
else:
self.send_response(501, "encoding %r not supported" % encoding)
self.send_header("Content-length", "0")
self.end_headers()
def report_404 (self):
# Report a 404 error
self.send_response(404)
response = 'No such page'
self.send_header("Content-type", "text/plain")
self.send_header("Content-length", str(len(response)))
self.end_headers()
self.wfile.write(response)
def log_request(self, code='-', size='-'):
"""Selectively log an accepted request."""
if self.server.logRequests:
BaseHTTPServer.BaseHTTPRequestHandler.log_request(self, code, size)
[docs]class SimpleXMLRPCServer(SocketServer.TCPServer,
SimpleXMLRPCDispatcher):
"""Simple XML-RPC server.
Simple XML-RPC server that allows functions and a single instance
to be installed to handle requests. The default implementation
attempts to dispatch XML-RPC calls to the functions or instance
installed in the server. Override the _dispatch method inhereted
from SimpleXMLRPCDispatcher to change this behavior.
"""
allow_reuse_address = True
# Warning: this is for debugging purposes only! Never set this to True in
# production code, as will be sending out sensitive information (exception
# and stack trace details) when exceptions are raised inside
# SimpleXMLRPCRequestHandler.do_POST
_send_traceback_header = False
def __init__(self, addr, requestHandler=SimpleXMLRPCRequestHandler,
logRequests=True, allow_none=False, encoding=None, bind_and_activate=True):
self.logRequests = logRequests
SimpleXMLRPCDispatcher.__init__(self, allow_none, encoding)
SocketServer.TCPServer.__init__(self, addr, requestHandler, bind_and_activate)
# [Bug #1222790] If possible, set close-on-exec flag; if a
# method spawns a subprocess, the subprocess shouldn't have
# the listening socket open.
if fcntl is not None and hasattr(fcntl, 'FD_CLOEXEC'):
flags = fcntl.fcntl(self.fileno(), fcntl.F_GETFD)
flags |= fcntl.FD_CLOEXEC
fcntl.fcntl(self.fileno(), fcntl.F_SETFD, flags)
class MultiPathXMLRPCServer(SimpleXMLRPCServer):
"""Multipath XML-RPC Server
This specialization of SimpleXMLRPCServer allows the user to create
multiple Dispatcher instances and assign them to different
HTTP request paths. This makes it possible to run two or more
'virtual XML-RPC servers' at the same port.
Make sure that the requestHandler accepts the paths in question.
"""
def __init__(self, addr, requestHandler=SimpleXMLRPCRequestHandler,
logRequests=True, allow_none=False, encoding=None, bind_and_activate=True):
SimpleXMLRPCServer.__init__(self, addr, requestHandler, logRequests, allow_none,
encoding, bind_and_activate)
self.dispatchers = {}
self.allow_none = allow_none
self.encoding = encoding
def add_dispatcher(self, path, dispatcher):
self.dispatchers[path] = dispatcher
return dispatcher
def get_dispatcher(self, path):
return self.dispatchers[path]
def _marshaled_dispatch(self, data, dispatch_method = None, path = None):
try:
response = self.dispatchers[path]._marshaled_dispatch(
data, dispatch_method, path)
except:
# report low level exception back to server
# (each dispatcher should have handled their own
# exceptions)
exc_type, exc_value = sys.exc_info()[:2]
response = xmlrpclib.dumps(
xmlrpclib.Fault(1, "%s:%s" % (exc_type, exc_value)),
encoding=self.encoding, allow_none=self.allow_none)
return response
[docs]class CGIXMLRPCRequestHandler(SimpleXMLRPCDispatcher):
"""Simple handler for XML-RPC data passed through CGI."""
def __init__(self, allow_none=False, encoding=None):
SimpleXMLRPCDispatcher.__init__(self, allow_none, encoding)
def handle_xmlrpc(self, request_text):
"""Handle a single XML-RPC request"""
response = self._marshaled_dispatch(request_text)
print 'Content-Type: text/xml'
print 'Content-Length: %d' % len(response)
print
sys.stdout.write(response)
def handle_get(self):
"""Handle a single HTTP GET request.
Default implementation indicates an error because
XML-RPC uses the POST method.
"""
code = 400
message, explain = \
BaseHTTPServer.BaseHTTPRequestHandler.responses[code]
response = BaseHTTPServer.DEFAULT_ERROR_MESSAGE % \
{
'code' : code,
'message' : message,
'explain' : explain
}
print 'Status: %d %s' % (code, message)
print 'Content-Type: %s' % BaseHTTPServer.DEFAULT_ERROR_CONTENT_TYPE
print 'Content-Length: %d' % len(response)
print
sys.stdout.write(response)
[docs] def handle_request(self, request_text = None):
"""Handle a single XML-RPC request passed through a CGI post method.
If no XML data is given then it is read from stdin. The resulting
XML-RPC response is printed to stdout along with the correct HTTP
headers.
"""
if request_text is None and \
os.environ.get('REQUEST_METHOD', None) == 'GET':
self.handle_get()
else:
# POST data is normally available through stdin
try:
length = int(os.environ.get('CONTENT_LENGTH', None))
except (TypeError, ValueError):
length = -1
if request_text is None:
request_text = sys.stdin.read(length)
self.handle_xmlrpc(request_text)
if __name__ == '__main__':
print 'Running XML-RPC server on port 8000'
server = SimpleXMLRPCServer(("localhost", 8000))
server.register_function(pow)
server.register_function(lambda x,y: x+y, 'add')
server.register_multicall_functions()
server.serve_forever()